Page 20 - Ebook_V01
P. 20
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1. ¨Ó¹Ç¹¹Ñº (Counts) ໚¹ÇÔ¸Õ¡Ò÷Õ觋Ò·ÕèÊØ´ â´Â¡ÒùѺ¨Ó¹Ç¹¤¹ ËÃ×Í «Õè(¿˜¹)·ÕèÁÕâä
2. ÊѴʋǹ (Proportions) ËÃ×Í ¤ÇÒÁªØ¡ (Prevalence) ໚¹¡ÒùӨӹǹ¹ÑºÁÒá»Å§ãˌ໚¹
ÊѴʋǹ ઋ¹ ¨Ó¹Ç¹¢Í§¼ÙŒ»†ÇÂÁÐàÃç§ã¹ª‹Í§»Ò¡à¾ÈªÒ ÍÒÂØ 45-60 »‚ ¨Ó¹Ç¹ 25 ¤¹ ¨Ò¡
¨Ó¹Ç¹»ÃЪҡÃà¾ÈªÒ ÍÒÂØ 45-60 »‚ ·Ñé§ËÁ´¨Ó¹Ç¹ 1000 ¤¹ ÊÒÁÒöá»Å§à»š¹ÊѴʋǹ
¢Í§¡ÅØ‹Áâ´ÂºÍ¡à»š¹¤‹Ò¤ÇÒÁªØ¡ä´Œ ´Ñ§¹ Õé
¤ÇÒÁªØ¡ (Prevalence) = 25 = 0.025 x 100 = 2.5%
1000
Õ
3. ÍѵÃÒ (Rates) ໚¹¡ÒÃà»ÃÕºà·Õº¨Ó¹Ç¹¤ÇÒÁ¶è¢Í§âäËÃ×Íà˵ءÒó·Õèà¡Ô´¢Öé¹µ‹Í˹‹ÇÂ
»ÃЪҡÒ÷Õè䴌ཇÒÊѧࡵ 㹪‹Ç§ÃÐÂÐàÇÅÒ·Õè¡Ó˹´ ઋ¹ ÍѵÃÒµÒ¢ͧ·Òá
(Infant mortality rate) 䴌ᡋ ¨Ó¹Ç¹à´ç¡·Òá·ÕèµÒÂÀÒÂã¹»‚áá¢Í§ªÕÇÔµµ‹Í¨Ó¹Ç¹
à´ç¡à¡Ô´ÁÕªÕ¾ 1,000 ¤¹
ÍѵÃÒ (Rates) ¶Ù¡¹ÓÁÒ㪌¹ŒÍÂ㹡ÒÃÇÑ´âä㹪‹Í§»Ò¡ ¨Ð㪌㹡óշÕèÇÑ´ÍغѵԡÒó¢Í§
â俘¹¼Ø (Caries incidence) ã¹ÃÐÂÐàÇÅÒ·ÕèÈÖ¡ÉÒ·Ò§¤ÅÔ¹Ô¡ ઋ¹ ÍѵÃÒÍغѵԡÒó¡ÒÃà¡Ô´
â俘¹¼Ø 䴌ᡋ ¨Ó¹Ç¹«Õ还¹·Õè¼ØãËÁ‹·Ñé§ËÁ´ÀÒÂã¹ 1 »‚·ÕèÈÖ¡ÉÒµ‹Í¨Ó¹Ç¹¿˜¹·Ñé§ËÁ´·ÕèÁÕ㹵͹
àÃÔèÁµŒ¹¢Í§¡ÒÃÈÖ¡ÉÒ ËÃ×Í ¡ÒÃÇÑ´ÍѵÃÒ¡ÒÃÊÙÞàÊÕÂÍÇÑÂÇлÃԷѹµ»ÃШӻ‚㹡ÒÃÈÖ¡ÉÒÃÐÂÐÂÒÇ
4. ´Ñª¹Õ (Index) 㪌㹡Òúѹ·Ö¡¡ÒÃÁÕÍÂÙ‹¢Í§âä (Presence) áÅФÇÒÁÃعáç¢Í§âä (Severity)
«Öè§à»š¹Êà¡ÅºÍ¡ÃдѺ¢Í§âä¨Ò¡µíèÒÊØ´ä»ÊÙ§ÊØ´ ¤Ðá¹¹¢Í§´Ñª¹Õµ‹Ò§æ¨ÐÁÕËÅѡ㹡ÒûÃÐàÁÔ¹
੾ÒÐᵋÅдѪ¹Õ «Öè§ÍÒ¨ÃÒ§ҹ໚¹¤Ðá¹¹ÃÒºؤ¤Å ËÃ×Í à»š¹¤‹Òà©ÅÕè¢ͧ»ÃЪҡÃä´Œ
ËÃ×ÍÍҨ㪌à»ÃÕºà·ÕºÃÐËÇ‹Ò§ºØ¤¤ÅËÃ×Í¡ÅØ‹Á¤¹ä´Œ ¹Í¡¨Ò¡¹Õé¤Ðá¹¹¢Í§´Ñª¹Õ ÍҨ໚¹¤‹Ò
·È¹ÔÂÁä´Œ ઋ¹ ¤‹Ò Plaque index ෋ҡѺ 1.2
ʋǹãËÞ‹´Ñª¹Õã¹·Ò§ÃкҴÇÔ·ÂÒ㹪‹Í§»Ò¡ÁÑ¡¨ÐãËŒ¢ŒÍÁÙÅ໚¹ÁÒµÃÒàÃÕ§¨Ñ´ÅӴѺ
(Ordinal scale) «Ö觨дաNjÒÁÒµÃÒ¹ÒÁºÑÞÞÑµÔ (Nominal scale) ºÒ§´Ñª¹Õ㪌»ÃÐàÁÔ¹âä
·Õèà»ÅÕè¹á»Å§¡ÅѺ䴌 (Reversible) ઋ¹ âäà˧×Í¡ÍÑ¡àʺ ËÃ×Í ãªŒ»ÃÐàÁÔ¹âä·Õèà»ÅÕè¹á»Å§¡ÅѺ
äÁ‹ä´Œ (Irreversible) ઋ¹ â俘¹¼Ø ËÃ×Í ¡ÒÃÊÙÞàÊÕÂà¹×éÍàÂ×èÍ
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