Page 152 - Ebook_V01
P. 152
¤ÇÒÁàÊÕè§ (Risk) = ¨Ó¹Ç¹¼ÙŒ»†ÇÂãËÁ‹·Õèà¡Ô´âä㹪‹Ç§ÃÐÂÐàÇÅÒ·Õè¡Ó˹´
¨Ó¹Ç¹»ÃЪҡ÷Õè»ÃÒȨҡâäµÍ¹àÃÔèÁµŒ¹¢Í§ª‹Ç§àÇÅÒ·Õè¡Ó˹´
¤ÇÒÁàÊÕ§໚¹¡Òú͡¤ÇÒÁ¹‹Ò¨Ð໚¹ (Probability) ·Õè»ÃЪҡèÐà¡Ô´âä㹪‹Ç§àÇÅÒ
è
è
Ñ
˹֧ µÇàÈÉ໚¹Ê‹Ç¹Ë¹Ö觢ͧµÑÇʋǹ â´Â·ÕèµÑÇʋǹµÍ¹àÃÔèÁµŒ¹»ÃÒȨҡâä ᵋÁÕ¡ÒÃà¡Ô´âä¢Öé¹ã¹
ª‹Ç§àÇÅÒ·Õè¡Ó˹´ ¤ÇÒÁàÊÕ觨ÐàËÁ×͹¡ÑºÊѴʋǹà¾ÃÒÐäÁ‹ÁÕ˹‹Ç¢ͧàÇÅÒࢌÒÁÒà¡ÕèÂÇ¢ŒÍ§
2.2 ÍѵÃÒµ‹ÍÃͧ (Odds of disease)
ËÁÒ¶֧ ÊѴʋǹ¢Í§¨Ó¹Ç¹¼ÙŒ»†ÇÂãËÁ‹·Õèà¡Ô´¢Öé¹ã¹ª‹Ç§ÃÐÂÐàÇÅÒ·Õè¡Ó˹´µ‹Í¨Ó¹Ç¹
»ÃЪҡ÷ÕèàËÅ×Í·ÕèäÁ‹à»š¹âä
ÍѵÃÒµ‹ÍÃͧ (Odds of disease) = ¨Ó¹Ç¹¼ÙŒ»†ÇÂãËÁ‹·Õèà¡Ô´âä㹪‹Ç§ÃÐÂÐàÇÅÒ·Õè¡Ó˹´
¨Ó¹Ç¹»ÃЪҡ÷ÕèàËÅ×Í·Õè»ÃÒȨҡâä¢Í§ª‹Ç§àÇÅÒ¹Ñé¹
ÍѵÃÒµ‹ÍÃͧ ໚¹¡Òú͡ÍѵÃÒʋǹ (Ratio) «Öè§à»š¹¡ÒÃà»ÃÕºà·Õº¤‹ÒµÑÇàÅ¢¢Í§
¨Ó¹Ç¹Ë¹Ö§¡Ñº¢Í§ÍÕ¡¨Ó¹Ç¹Ë¹Öè§
è
·Ñ駤ÇÒÁàÊÕè§ (Risk) áÅÐ ÍѵÃÒµ‹ÍÃͧ (Odds of disease) 㪌¨Ó¹Ç¹¼Ù»†ÇÂãËÁ‹à»š¹µÑÇ
Œ
àÈÉàËÁ×͹¡Ñ¹
2.3 ÍѵÃÒÍغѵԡÒó (Incidence rate)
ËÁÒ¶֧ ¨Ó¹Ç¹¼ÙŒ»†ÇÂãËÁ‹·Õèà¡Ô´¢Öé¹µ‹Í˹‹Ç»ÃЪҡ÷ÕèཇÒÊѧࡵ㹪‹Ç§ÃÐÂÐàÇÅÒ·Õè¡Ó˹´
ÍѵÃÒÍغѵԡÒó¢Í§âä = ¨Ó¹Ç¹¼ÙŒ»†ÇÂãËÁ‹·Ñé§ËÁ´·Õèà¡Ô´¢Öé¹ x 10 n
àÇÅÒÃÇÁ·Ñé§ËÁ´¢Í§áµ‹Åкؤ¤Å·ÕèཇÒÊѧࡵ
= ¨Ó¹Ç¹¼ÙŒ»†ÇÂãËÁ‹·Ñé§ËÁ´·Õèà¡Ô´¢Öé¹ x 10 n
¨Ó¹Ç¹ºØ¤¤Å-àÇÅÒ·Ñé§ËÁ´
໚¹¡Òú͡¤ÇÒÁ¹‹Ò¨Ð໚¹ (Probability) µ‹Í˹Öè§Ë¹‹ÇÂàÇÅÒ ·Õè»ÃЪҡèÐà¡Ô´âä㹪‹Ç§
àÇÅÒ˹Öè§
141
